Interleukin 2 (IL 2) is an O glycosylated four alpha helix bundle cytokine that has potent stimulatory activity for antigen activated T cells. It is expressed by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, gamma _ T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, and eosinophils. The receptor for IL 2 consists of three subunits that are present on the cell surface in varying preformed complexes. Upon ligand binding, signal transduction is performed by both IL 2 R beta and gamma c. IL 2 plays a centra l role in the expansion and maintenance of regulatory T cells, although it inhibits the development of Th17 polarized cells.
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