IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta are both synthesized as 31 kDa precursors, and they are subsequently cleaved into 17 kDa proteins. Noticeably, most of the IL-1 alpha precursor remains in the cytosol of cells and human IL-1 has been found to be biologically active on murine cell lines. The two IL-1 isoforms bind to the same receptors of type I and type II, but the only type I receptor might be capable of signal transduction (1-5).
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